CSS在未知高度图片垂直居中多种方法

最近群里这个问题比较热门，决定把我收藏的方法分享大家。在开始时，我们先看一下万能的table实现。

<!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <FCK:meta charset="utf-8" /> <FCK:meta content="IE=8" http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" /> <title>司徒正美 CSS垂直居中</title> <style type="text/css"> .container{ width:500px;/*装饰*/ height:500px; background:#B9D6FF; border: 1px solid #CCC; } </style> </head> <body> <h1>垂直居中（table）</h1> <div class='container'> <table width="100%" height="100%"> <tr> <td align="center" valign="middle"> <img src="http://www.eduyo.com/uploads/2012/04/11115726_1.jpg" _fcksavedurl="http://www.eduyo.com/uploads/2012/04/11115726_1.jpg" /> </td> </tr> </table> </div> </body> </html>
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好了，我们看其CSS实现。凡是table能做到的，CSS都能做的，但各浏览器在CSS的差异比较大，因此要兼容它们难度很大。这涉及许多细节，各种流啊，display的表现效果与CSS hack，IE早些年搞了大堆的私有属性，这也有待我们深一步挖掘。我们先看最简单的实现，背景图片法—— 站长教学网 eduyo.com

背景图片法

<!doctype html> <html> <head> <title>司徒正美 CSS垂直居中</title> <style type="text/css"> .container { width:500px; height:500px; line-height:500px; background:#B9D6FF url(http://www.eduyo.com/uploads/2012/04/11115726_1.jpg) no-repeat center center; border:1px solid #f00; text-align: center; } </style> </head> <body> <h1>垂直居中（背景图片法）</h1> <div class="container"> </div> </body> </html>
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CSS表达式法

<html lang="en"> <head> <FCK:meta charset="utf-8" /> <FCK:meta content="IE=8" http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" /> <title>司徒正美 CSS垂直居中</title> <style type="text/css"> .container{ /*IE8与标准游览器垂直对齐*/ display: table-cell; vertical-align:middle; width:500px;/*装饰*/ height:500px; background:#B9D6FF; border: 1px solid #CCC; } .container img{ display:block;/*让其具备盒子模型*/ margin:0 auto; text-align:center; margin-top:expression((500 - this.height )/2);/*让IE567垂直对齐 */ } </style> </head> <body> <h1>垂直居中（CSS表达式）</h1> <div class="container"> <img src="http://www.eduyo.com/uploads/2012/04/11115726_1.jpg" _fcksavedurl="http://www.eduyo.com/uploads/2012/04/11115726_1.jpg" /> </div> </body> </html>
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绝对定位法

<!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <FCK:meta charset="utf-8" /> <FCK:meta content="IE=8" http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" /> <title>司徒正美 CSS垂直居中</title> <style type="text/css"> div { /*IE8与标准游览器垂直对齐*/ display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; overflow:hidden; position:relative; text-align:center; width:500px;/*装饰*/ height:500px; border:1px solid #ccc; background:#B9D6FF; } div p { +position:absolute; top:50% } img { +position:relative; top:-50%; left:-50%; } </style> </head> <body> <h1>垂直居中(绝对定位)</h1> <div class="container"> <p> <img src="http://www.eduyo.com/uploads/2012/04/11115726_1.jpg" _fcksavedurl="http://www.eduyo.com/uploads/2012/04/11115726_1.jpg" /> </p> </div> </body> </html>
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display:inline-block法

<!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <FCK:meta charset="utf-8" /> <FCK:meta content="IE=8" http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" /> <title>司徒正美 CSS垂直居中</title> <style type="text/css"> div { display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; width:500px; height:500px; background:#B9D6FF; border: 1px solid #CCC; } </style>  </head> <body> <h1>垂直居中(display:inline-block法)</h1> <div class="container"> <i></i> <img src="http://www.eduyo.com/uploads/2012/04/11115726_1.jpg" _fcksavedurl="http://www.eduyo.com/uploads/2012/04/11115726_1.jpg" /> </div> </body> </html>
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writing-mode法

<!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <FCK:meta charset="utf-8" /> <FCK:meta content="IE=8" http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" /> <title>司徒正美 CSS垂直居中</title> <style type="text/css"> div{ width:500px; height:500px; line-height:500px; text-align:center; background:#B9D6FF; border:1px solid #f00; } div span{ height:100%\9; writing-mode:tb-rl\9; } div img{ vertical-align:middle } </style> </head> <body> <h1>垂直居中(writing-mode)</h1> <div class="container"> <span> <img src="http://www.eduyo.com/uploads/2012/04/11115726_1.jpg" _fcksavedurl="http://www.eduyo.com/uploads/2012/04/11115726_1.jpg" /> </span> </div> </body> </html>
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站长教学网 eduyo.com

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <FCK:meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <title>利用图片</title> <style type="text/css"> .itm{border:2px solid #ccc;width:800px;height:800px;text-align:center;} .blank{width:0;height:100%;} .itm img{vertical-align:middle;} </style> </head> <body> <div class="itm"> <img src="blank.gif" _fcksavedurl="blank.gif" class="blank" alt="xx"/> <a href="#" _fcksavedurl="#"><img src="http://www.eduyo.com/uploads/2012/04/11115726_1.jpg" _fcksavedurl="http://www.eduyo.com/uploads/2012/04/11115726_1.jpg"alt="yy"/></a> </div> </body> </html>
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CSS在未知高度图片垂直居中多种方法